Introduction (75 words): Coral reefs, often referred to as the „rainforests of the sea,“ are among the most diverse and economically valuable ecosystems on our planet. However, these delicate ecosystems are facing an unprecedented threat—ocean acidification. Over the past century, human activities have increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, leading to the absorption of excess CO2 by the world’s oceans. This process alters the pH of seawater, causing a decrease in carbonate ion concentration, thereby hindering the ability of corals and other marine species to build their calcium carbonate skeletal structures. Ocean Acidification: Causes and Mechanisms (125 words): Ocean...